Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-9 (of 9 Records) |
Query Trace: Borse NN[original query] |
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Conducting a large public health data collection project in Uganda: Methods, tools, and lessons learned
Stover B , Lubega F , Namubiru A , Bakengesa E , Luboga SA , Makumbi F , Kiwanuka N , Ndizihiwe A , Mukooyo E , Hurley E , Lim T , Borse NN , Bernhardt J , Wood A , Sheppard L , Barnhart S , Hagopian A . J Res Pract 2018 14 (1) We report on the implementation experience of carrying out data collection and other activities for a public health evaluation study on whether U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) investment improved utilization of health services and health system strengthening in Uganda. The retrospective study period focused on the PEPFAR scale-up, from mid-2005 through mid-2011, a period of expansion of PEPFAR programing and health services. We visited 315 health care facilities in Uganda in 2011 and 2012 to collect routine health management information system data forms, as well as to conduct interviews with health system leaders. An earlier phase of this research project collected data from all 112 health district headquarters, reported elsewhere. This article describes the lessons learned from collecting data from health care facilities, project management, useful technologies, and mistakes. We used several new technologies to facilitate data collection, including portable document scanners, smartphones, and web-based data collection, along with older but reliable technologies such as car batteries for power, folding tables to create space, and letters of introduction from appropriate authorities to create entrée. Research in limited-resource settings requires an approach that values the skills and talents of local people, institutions and government agencies, and a tolerance for the unexpected. The development of personal relationships was key to the success of the project. We observed that capacity building activities were repaid many fold, especially in data management and technology. |
Development and usefulness of a district health systems tool for performance improvement in essential public health functions in Botswana and Mozambique
Bishai D , Sherry M , Pereira CC , Chicumbe S , Mbofana F , Boore A , Smith M , Nhambi L , Borse NN . J Public Health Manag Pract 2016 22 (6) 586-96 INTRODUCTION: This study describes the development of a self-audit tool for public health and the associated methodology for implementing a district health system self-audit tool that can provide quantitative data on how district governments perceive their performance of the essential public health functions. METHODS: Development began with a consensus-building process to engage Ministry of Health and provincial health officers in Mozambique and Botswana. We then worked with lists of relevant public health functions as determined by these stakeholders to adapt a self-audit tool describing essential public health functions to each country's health system. We then piloted the tool across districts in both countries and conducted interviews with district health personnel to determine health workers' perception of the usefulness of the approach. RESULTS: Country stakeholders were able to develop consensus around 11 essential public health functions that were relevant in each country. Pilots of the self-audit tool enabled the tool to be effectively shortened. Pilots also disclosed a tendency to upcode during self-audits that was checked by group deliberation. Convening sessions at the district enabled better attendance and representative deliberation. Instant feedback from the audit was a feature that 100% of pilot respondents found most useful. CONCLUSION: The development of metrics that provide feedback on public health performance can be used as an aid in the self-assessment of health system performance at the district level. Measurements of practice can open the door to future applications for practice improvement and research into the determinants and consequences of better public health practice. The current tool can be assessed for its usefulness to district health managers in improving their public health practice. The tool can also be used by the Ministry of Health or external donors in the African region for monitoring the district-level performance of the essential public health functions. |
Years of potential life lost from unintentional child and adolescent injuries - United States, 2000-2009
Borse NN , Rudd RA , Dellinger AM , Sleet DA . J Safety Res 2013 45 127-31 INTRODUCTION: Quantifying years of potential life lost (YPLL) highlights childhood causes of mortality and provides a simple method to identify important causes of premature death. METHODS: CDC analyzed data from the National Vital Statistics System multiple cause of death files for 2000-2009. RESULTS: An average of 890YPLL were lost each year due to unintentional injuries for every 100,000 persons aged 0-19 years. YPLL rates differed by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, injury mechanism and state. CONCLUSIONS: This report provides new information which can be used to prioritize interventions and identify subgroups of the population most at risk. |
Potential Risk Estimation Drowning Index for Children (PREDIC): a pilot study from Matlab, Bangladesh
Borse NN , Hyder AA , Bishai D , Baker T , Arifeen SE . Accid Anal Prev 2011 43 (6) 1901-6 Childhood drowning is a major public health problem that has been neglected in many low- and middle-income countries. In Matlab, rural Bangladesh, more than 40% of child deaths aged 1-4 years are due to drowning. AIM: The main objective of this paper was to develop and evaluate a childhood drowning risk prediction index. METHODOLOGY: A literature review was carried out to document risk factors identified for childhood drowning in Bangladesh. The Newacheck model for special health care needs for children was adapted and applied to construct a childhood drowning risk index called "Potential Risk Estimation Drowning Index for Children" (PREDIC). Finally, the proposed PREDIC Index was applied to childhood drowning deaths and compared with the comparison group from children living in Matlab, Bangladesh. This pilot study used t-tests and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to analyze the results. RESULTS: The PREDIC index was applied to 302 drowning deaths and 624 children 0-4 years old living in Matlab. The results of t-test indicate that the drowned children had a statistically (t=-8.58, p=0.0001) significant higher mean PREDIC score (6.01) than those in comparison group (5.26). Drowning cases had a PREDIC score of 6 or more for 68% of the children however, the comparison group had 43% of the children with score of 6 or more which was statistically significant (t=-7.36, p<0.001). The area under the curve for the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was 0.662. CONCLUSION: Index score construction was scientifically plausible; and the index is relatively complete, fairly accurate, and practical. The risk index can help identify and target high risk children with drowning prevention programs. PREDIC index needs to be further tested for its accuracy, feasibility and effectiveness in drowning risk reduction in Bangladesh and other countries. |
Childhood drowning and traditional rescue measures: case study from Matlab, Bangladesh
Borse NN , Hyder AA , Streatfield PK , Arifeen SE , Bishai D . Arch Dis Child 2011 96 (7) 675-80 Recent mortality data indicate that approximately half a million people drown each year worldwide, with more than 97% of such deaths occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study was to examine verbal autopsy data on the circumstances of childhood drowning in Matlab, Bangladesh. The study analysed 10 years (1996-2005) of data which reported 489 deaths in children under 5 years and recorded preimmersion, immersion and postimmersion events. The data summarised household characteristics, age, gender and time of drowning event. The study also examined traditional rescue methods performed on children who were removed from the water OR found drowning. Of 489 deaths, 57% were aged 1-2 years and had a drowning mortality rate of 521 per 100,000 children. Most drowning events occurred during the morning (68%), in ponds (69%), and while the mother was busy doing household chores (70%). Traditional rescue methods were attempted in 55% of children and the most frequently reported measure was to spin the child over head (35%). Only 3% of families tried to perform resuscitation. Verbal autopsy data for Matlab is a useful resource for childhood injury research in a low-income country. The study is one of the first to publish data on traditional rescue practices performed on drowning children in rural Bangladesh. The findings suggest that interventions should be designed using locally identified risk factors to reduce childhood drowning incidents. Community-based resuscitation techniques and emergency medical systems are needed to improve postimmersion recovery of the child. |
The burden of childhood injuries and evidence based strategies developed using the injury surveillance system in Pasto, Colombia
Espitia-Hardeman V , Borse NN , Dellinger AM , Betancourt CE , Villareal AN , Caicedo LD , Portillo C . Inj Prev 2011 17 Suppl 1 i38-44 OBJECTIVE: This article characterises the burden of childhood injuries and provides examples of evidence-based injury prevention strategies developed using a citywide injury surveillance system in Pasto, Colombia. METHODS: Fatal (2003-2007) and non-fatal (2006-2007) childhood injury data were analysed by age, sex, cause, intent, place of occurrence, and disposition. RESULTS: Boys accounted for 71.5% of fatal and 64.9% of non-fatal injuries. The overall fatality rate for all injuries was 170.8 per 100,000 and the non-fatal injury rate was 4,053 per 100,000. Unintentional injuries were the leading causes of fatal injuries for all age groups, except for those 15-19 years whose top four leading causes were violence-related. Among non-fatal injuries, falls was the leading mechanism in the group 0-14 years. Interpersonal violence with a sharp object was the most important cause for boys aged 15-19 years. Home was the most frequent place of occurrence for both fatal and non-fatal injuries for young children 0-4 years old. Home, school and public places became an important place for injuries for boys in the age group 5-15 years. The highest case-fatality rate was for self-inflicted injuries (8.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Although some interventions have been implemented in Pasto to reduce injuries, it is necessary to further explore risk factors to better focus prevention strategies and their evaluation. We discuss three evidence-based strategies developed to prevent firework-related injuries during festival, self-inflicted injuries, and road traffic-related injuries, designed and implemented based on the injury surveillance data. |
The effect of age on transmission of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in a camp and associated households
Sugimoto JD , Borse NN , Ta ML , Stockman LJ , Fischer GE , Yang Y , Halloran ME , Longini IM Jr , Duchin JS . Epidemiology 2011 22 (2) 180-7 BACKGROUND: A major portion of influenza disease burden during the 2009 pandemic was observed among young people. METHODS: We examined the effect of age on the transmission of influenza-like illness associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) for an April-May 2009 outbreak among youth-camp participants and household contacts in Washington State. RESULTS: An influenza-like illness attack rate of 51% was found among 96 camp participants. We observed a cabin secondary attack rate of 42% (95% confidence interval = 21%-66%) and a camp local reproductive number of 2.7 (1.7-4.1) for influenza-like illness among children (less than 18 years old). Among the 136 contacts in the 41 households with an influenza-like illness index case who attended the camp, the influenza-like illness secondary attack rate was 11% for children (5%-21%) and 4% for adults (2%-8%). The odds ratio for influenza-like illness among children versus adults was 3.1 (1.3-7.3). CONCLUSIONS: The strong age effect, combined with the low number of susceptible children per household (1.2), plausibly explains the lower-than-expected household secondary attack rate for influenza-like illness, illustrating the importance of other venues where children congregate for sustaining community transmission. Quantifying the effects of age on pH1N1 transmission is important for informing effective intervention strategies. |
A review of unintentional injuries in adolescents
Sleet DA , Ballesteros MF , Borse NN . Annu Rev Public Health 2010 31 195-212 Unintentional injuries are the largest source of premature morbidity and mortality and the leading cause of death among adolescents 10-19 years of age. Fatal injury rates of males are twice those of females, and racial disparities in injury are pronounced. Transportation is the largest source of these injuries, principally as drivers and passengers, but also as cyclists and pedestrians. Other major causes involve drowning, poisonings, fires, sports and recreation, and work-related injuries. Implementing known and effective prevention strategies such as using seat belts and bicycle and motorcycle helmets, installing residential smoke alarms, reducing misuse of alcohol, strengthening graduated driver licensing laws, promoting policy change, using safety equipment in sports and leisure, and protecting adolescents at work will all contribute to reducing injuries. The frequency, severity, potential for death and disability, and costs of these injuries, together with the high success potential of prevention strategies, make injury prevention a key public health goal to improve adolescent health in the future. |
Empowering parents to prevent unintentional childhood injuries
Huitric MA , Borse NN , Sleet DA . Am J Lifestyle Med 2010 4 (1) 100-101 On average, 33 children die each day in the United States—about 12 000 children a year—because of unintentional childhood injuries. Another 9 million children are treated in emergency departments for unintentional injuries each year. To address this issue, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Injury Prevention and Control has launched a new initiative focused on parents: Protect the Ones You Love: Child Injuries Are Preventable. As trusted sources of health information, physicians and health care providers can use the initiative and the related ancillary materials to inform parents and caregivers about lifestyle changes that reduce the risk and potential harmful outcomes of an injury to a child or other family member. |
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